Field Guide toInfraredSystemsArnold DanielsSPIE Field GuidesVolume FG09John E.Greivenkamp,Series EditorBellingham,Washington USALibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataField guide to infrared systems/Arnold Daniels.p.cm.--(The Field guide series;no.1:9)Includes bibliographical references and index.ISBN 0-8194-6361-2 (alk.paper)1.Infrared technology--Handbooks,manuals,etc.I.Title.II.Series:Field guide series(Bellingham,Wash.);no.1:9.TA1570.D362006621.362-dc222006015467Published bySPIE-The International Society for Optical EngineeringP.O.Box 10Bellingham,Washington 98227-0010 USAPhone:+13606763290Fax:+13606471445Email:spie@spie.orgWeb:http://spie.orgCopyright 2007 The Society of Photo-Optical InstrumentationEngineersAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced ordistributed in any form or by any means without written permission ofthe publisher.The content of this book reflects the work and thought of the authorEvery effort has been made to publish reliable and accurateinformation herein,but the publisher is not responsible for the validityof the information or for any outcomes resulting from reliance thereon.Printed in the United States of America.The International Societyfor Optical EngineeringIntroduction to the SeriesWelcome to the SPIE Field Guides-a series of publica-tions written directly for the practicing engineer or scien-tist.Many textbooks and professional reference books coveroptical principles and techniques in depth.The aim of theSPIE Field Guides is to distill this information,providingreaders with a handy desk or briefcase reference that pro-vides basic,essential information about optical principles,techniques,or phenomena,including definitions and de-scriptions,key equations,illustrations,application exam-ples,design considerations,and additional resources.A sig-nificant effort will be made to provide a consistent notationand style between volumes in the series.Each SPIE Field Guide addresses a major field of opticalscience and technology.The concept of these Field Guides isa format-intensive presentation based on figures and equa-tions supplemented by concise explanations.In most cases,this modular approach places a single topic on a page,andprovides full coverage of that topic on that page.Highlights,insights,and rules of thumb are displayed in sidebars tothe main text.The appendices at the end of each FieldGuide provide additional information such as related mate-rial outside the main scope of the volume,key mathemati-cal relationships,and alternative methods.While completein their coverage,the concise presentation may not be ap-propriate for those new to the field.The SPIE Field Guides are intended to be living docu-ments.The modular page-based presentation format allowsthem to be easily updated and expanded.We are interestedin your suggestions for new Field Guide topics as well aswhat material should be added to an individual volume tomake these Field Guides more useful to you.Please contactus at fieldguides@SPIE.org.John E.Greivenkamp,Series EditorOptical Sciences CenterThe University of Arizona